4) Severe hypertension
Blood pressure inside vessels can cause them to rupture if high enough. This is especially seen in chronic hypertensive patients whose blood vessels become stiff from atherosclerosis that they can’t withstand the increased pressure. In this case, bleeding is profuse, and the patient is at a high risk of intracranial bleeding (bleeding into their brain) and aggressive measures to lower blood pressure are needed. In this case, bleeding from the posterior blood vessels is more common making blood aspiration and airway compromise life-threatening.